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____________________________________________________________________________
<a href="#Codes">Codes</a>
<a href="gCAD3D_formats_en.htm#fmt_f">File-formate</a>
<a href="http://www.gcad3d.org/devdoc/pag_pdm.htm">Binary-formate</a>

____________________________________________________________________________
<p><a name="Codes"></a></p>
<A HREF='#fmt1'>General format</A>

<A HREF='#V'>Variable</A>
<A HREF='#P'>Points</A>
<A HREF='#L'>Lines</A>
<A HREF='#D'>Vectors</A>
<A HREF='#C'>Circles</A>
<A HREF='#S'>Curves</A>
<A HREF='CAD_PLN_en.htm'>Plane / Reference system</A>
<A HREF='format_gcad_A_en.htm'>Surfaces</A>
<A HREF='#B'>Solids</A>
<A HREF='#N'>Notes / Dimensions</A>
<A HREF='#M'>Models</A>
<A HREF='#T'>Transformations</A>
<A HREF='CAD_Activ_en.htm'>Interactions</A>
<A HREF='CAD_Joint_en.htm'>Joints</A>
<A HREF='#U'>Group</A>

<A HREF='#fmt_attri'>Attributes</A>

<A HREF='Appli_en.htm#Program_codes'>Program_codes</A>

<A HREF='#fmt_setti'>Settings</A>



____________________________________________________________________________
<p><a name="fmt1"></a></p>
<h2>General format</h2>
____________________________________________________________________________

There are 2 types of codes: 

  Definition code: Generates geometric objects.
                   The format is: (name) = (parameter)
                   for example. "P20=P(100 0 0)" 
  Execution codes: State changes, which will be executed immediately
                   consist of a direct statement,
                   eg "DEFCOL 0 0 220 (default colour blue)
                   or program codes,
                   for example. "pri "P20=" P20"  


<B>Object name</B> (database ID): 
  Consists of the letters and the DB-index,
  for example: P123 is a point with the reference number 123 


<p><a name="Codeletters"></a></p>
<B>Codeletters:</B> 
A = Area (surface) 
B = Body (Solid) 
C = Circle (circle), 
D = Direction (vector) 
I = Interaction
J = Joint
L = Line 
M = Model, Sub-model, mockup model, standard part of 
N = Note, Tag, bitmap image 
P = Point (points) R = Refsys (reference system-level) 
R = Refsys (referencesystem, plane)
S = Spline (Parameter., B-spline, polygon, Conic Sections) 
T = Transformation (Translation display rotation) 
U = Union (Group) 
V = Variable (value number.) 


<B>DB-index:</B> 

  0 (zero) can not be used (is the current object) 
  Is a positive number for permanent objects, 
  Is a negative number for temporary objects that are dynamically generated.




____________________________________________________________________________
<p><a name="V"></a></p>
<h2>Variable</h2>
Identification key for a variable is V. 
____________________________________________________________________________

see also <A HREF="CAD_Var_en.htm">CAD functions variable</A> 


<B>Direct assignment to a variable:</B> 
  Example: 
  V20 = 10 


<B>The following constants are used:</B> 
RAD_360    PI * 2     6.2831853071795862319 
RAD_180    PI         3.1415926535897932384 R
AD_90      PI / 2     1.5707963267948965579 
RAD_1      PI / 180   0.0174532925199432954 
SR_3       SQRT(3)    1.732050808 
SR_2       SQRT(2)    1.414213562 
Example: V21 = V20 * TAN (RAD_90) 


<B>The following functions can be used:</B> 
The /X/Y/Z coordinates of a point value on: 
V21 = X(P20) 

The radius of a circle on : 
V20 = C20 

Length between 2 points: 
V20 = P20 P21 

Length of a trail: 
V20 = L20 

Normal distance of a point from a distance: 
V20 = P20 L20 

Basic account types + - / * 
V20 = 10 
V21 = V20 +10 
# result 20 
V22 = 10 + V21 * 3 
result is 70 
V22 = 10 + V21 * 3 
# result is 90  - corresponds to V22=(10+V21)*3 
V20=20*2 
# !! Error - "20*2"  or "20 * 2" 

The power function ^
V1 = 4^0.5 
# result is 2 (4 to the power 0.5) 

The mathematics functions (SQRT () SIN () COS () TAN () ASIN () ACOS () ATAN ()): 
V23 = SQRT(V22) 

Absolute value (the sign is always positive) 
V24 = ABS(V20) 

Integer - the numbers after the decimal point are removed 
V25 = FIX(1.8) 
# result is 1.0 

Rounding. 1.3 becomes 1.0, 1.8 becomes 2.0, -1.3 becomes -1.0, -1.8 becomes -2.0. 
V26=RND(V20) 

Numeric variables taken over indirectly through function VAL(); 
Example: C10=P10 VAL(C5) 
(It is the radius of the C5 over). 


Display the content of variables: 
PRI "V26 = " V26 







____________________________________________________________________________
<p><a name="P"></a></p>
<h2>Point</h2>
Identification letter code of a point is P.
____________________________________________________________________________

see also <A HREF="CAD_PT_de.htm">CAD-point functions,</A> 
see also <A HREF="#P_Copy">point from copy function</A> 





- Enter a point (with the keyboard:) 
by entering a defined point, for example, "P12" 
by the X/Y/Z-components, "10 , 0.0 "defines a point at a distance 10 on the X axis. 
- Selection of a point, the name, eg" P20 

<B>Selection of points on linear objects:</B> 
start / end of a line, side: 1 = starting point, 2 = endpoint. 
P20 = L20 MOD (1) 
start / end point of a circle: 1 = starting point, 2 = endpoint. 
P28 = C22 MOD (2) 
start / end point of a curve, according to Page. 
P10 = S10 page 

Endpoints of a polygon: 
P10 = S{polygon} MOD({Item Number}) 
A polygon vertex of a contour: 
P # = P(S{ccv} MOD({ccvSegNr}) MOD({polgonPtNr}))
Points within the endpoints are represented parametrically: 
P # = P({baseObj} {LPAR}) 
Example - point in the middle of the object line-20: P20 = P(L20 0.5) 
Point on a contour line: P = P(S{ccv} MOD({ccvSegNr}) {LPAR}) 

The point with index 0 is always the current position,
  so it can be only be used for one step.


<p><a name="P_Copy"></a></p>
<B>Point copy function (parametric)</B> 
These formats are generated when selection functions: 
# point on line, circle, polygon, spline: 
  P({obj} {parameter value}) 
# start or end of line/circle/polygon/spline 
# or point on a polygon point: P({obj} MOD({Item Number}) 
# point on line/circle/polygon/spline in a CCV 
  P({obj} MOD({CCV segment number}) {parameter value}) 
# start or end point of line/circle/polygon/spline in a CCV 
# or point on a polygon in a point CCV: 
  P({obj} MOD({CCV segment number}) MOD({number point})) 
# Parametric point on a surface: 
  P(A# {uPar} {vPar}) 
  
<u>Example:</u>
# dot in the middle of the CCV 1.segment the S26: 
  P(S26 MOD(1) 0.5)
 
<B>Standard definitions:</B> 
P21 = P(10,20,30) 
  3D point absolute 

P2 = P1, D1 item 
  P1 to move by the vector D1. 

P1 = P2, D1, distance 
  Move point P1 in the direction of the vector to the distance D1 distance. 

P11 = R1 P10 
  transformation of the point P10 in the reference system R1 (level R1). 

P11 = R1, 10 0 point 
  P11 is on the X-axis of the reference system is R1. 

P11 = P10 R1 
  projection of the point P10 to the level of R1. 

P3 = P2, X (10), Y (10) 
  point relative (in the distance 10 , 10 of p2) 

P5 = P4, ANG (90), distance 
  polar relative (basis point, angle, distance) 

P3 = P1, P2 
  point in the middle of producing. 

P3 = P1, D (P1, P2), distance 
  off track. 
  point with certain distance from P1 to P1 -&gt; P2 off.
  The direction is determined by the angle of the line P1 -&gt; P2. 

P11 = P1, D (L1), distance 
  from a distance away from a point along a line with certain distance off. 

P2 = P1, D (L1), distance, normal distance 
  from a distance away from a point off. 
  The distance is in the direction of the line removed, 
  the normal distance to the line is normally worn. Example: 

p1 = p1, d (l1), val (100), val (50) 
  P1 is 100 mm in the direction l1 moved,
  then he will be 50 mm in the direction normal to l1 moved 

P3 = P1, P2, turn angle 
  point ( focus, position, angle) Example: 

P3 = P1, P2, ANG (180) 
  P2 is 180 degrees turned around P1. 

P1 = L1, page start or endpoint of a line (corresponding page) 
P2 = P1, L1 
  point on line projection. 

P4 = L1 L2 
  intersection line - line 

P41 = L20 A20 
  intersection Line - B-SplineFläche 

P6 = C1 
  circle centre point

P7 = P1 C1 [page] 
  Fair point on a circle (the circle is projected). 
  The standard solution is the immediate point. 
  MOD (2) defines the remote point. 

P5 = L1 C1 side 
  line-circle intersection. 

P6 = C1 C2 page 
  2-intersection point on, 
  the circles projecting curve: Point point = curve number) 

P11 = P1 S10 MOD (1) 
  P1 P11 is now a standard on S10 at point P11. 
  MOD (1) = page - the first solution.  




The point with index 0 is always the current position, so it can be only one step can be used. 

<I>Implicit point definitions:</I> 
for example, the line with endpoints P (L20 MOD (1)): 
L20 = P (-300 10) P ( -260 40) 
N21 = DIM P (L20 MOD (1)) P (L20 MOD (2)) P (-280 -40) ANG (0) 










____________________________________________________________________________
<p><a name="L"></a></p>
<h2>Line</h2>
Identification key for Line is L.
____________________________________________________________________________

see also <a href="CAD_LN_de.htm">CAD-Function Linie</a>
see also <a href="#L_Copy">line from copyfunction</a>


Definition of a line by:
  entering a line (with the keyboard)
  by entering a defined line, for example, "L12"
  with input from 2 points, for example, "P (0 0 0) P (10 0 0)"
  by entering point and angle, for example, "P (10 0 0) ANG (45)"
  by entering point and vector, eg "P20 D (0 0 1)"
  Horizontal line: Entering the Y value, eg 'Y (10) "
  Vertical Line: Enter the X value, eg "X (10)"

- selection of a linei
  provides the name, for example, "L20"

- selection of a line in a contour (CCV):
    L(S{ccv} MOD({ccvSegNr}))
  polygon segment from a CCV:
    L(S{ccv} MOD({ccvSegNr}) MOD({polgonSegNr}))




<p><a name="L_Copy"></a></p>
<h2>line from copyfunction</h2>
Objectselections create this formats:

# Line of Polygonsegment
# or Line of Line in  CCV:
L({obj} MOD({SegmentNumber}))

# Line of Polygonsegment in CCV:
L({obj} MOD({CCV-SegmentNumber}) MOD({SegmentNumber}))


<u>Example:</u>
# Line of 1.Segment of CCV S26 (a Line):
L(S26 MOD(1))




<B>Standardformats:</B> 

L1 = P1 P(100 100) 
  line between 2 points 

L2 = Y (10) 
L2 = DX P20 Y (10) Z (10) 
  line parallel to the current X-axis, through one point. 
  A Y-offset and/or Z offset can be defined. 

L1 = X (10) L2 = DY P20 
  line parallel to the current Y-axis, by one point. 
  An X-offset and / or Z offset can be defined. 

L2 = DZ P20 
  line parallel to the current Z-axis, through one point. 
  An X Offset and / or Y offset can be defined.
line through point with a fixed angle 

L3 = P1 ANG(45) 
  line through point with direction (vector) 

L4 = P1 D(L1) 
  parallel to line L1 or: 
L = PL 

  line by point and the Z-axis of circle/plane: 
L = L P
C = P R 
L4 = P1 D(L1) ANG(90) 
d
  line by point with angle relative to the other line. 
  ANG (0): parallel to line L1; ANG( 90): normal. 
  line parallel to line spacing. 
L8 = L8 side distance 
L1 = L1 VAL (10) HIY 

  line as a center (where l1, l2 parallel) 
  or as an angle bisector (through the intersection). 
L9 = L1 L2 


  line as angle bisector, additionally rotated. 
L9 = L1 L2 ANG(90) 



  line tangential to circle, parallel to line. 
L1=TNG C1 D(L1) MOD(1)

  line tangent to circle with a fixed angle 
L1=TNG C1 D(ANG(45)) MOD(1)

  tangent line through point P10 to S10 curve. 
L10=TNG P10 S10 MOD(1)

  line through point, tangential to circle 
L5=TNG P1 C1 MOD(1)

  line tangent to 2 circles (Location: in out) 
L5=TNG C1 C2 MOD(2)



  cut line between two planes. 
L10 = R20 R21 

  projection of a line on a plane. 
L21 = L20 R20 




<I>Implicit Line Definitions:</I> 
L20 = L(Start Point Endpoint) 








____________________________________________________________________________
<p><a name="D"></a></p>
<h2>Vector / direction</h2>
Identification key for a vector is the letter D ( "Direction"). 
____________________________________________________________________________


see also <A HREF="CAD_Vec_en.htm">CAD functions vector/direction,</A> 
see also <A HREF="#D_Copy">vector from copyfunction</A> 




A vector defines a direction and is not bound to any position. 
representation of vectors:
  - vectors are only temporarily displayed, 
  - Always in the center of the picture. 
  - Normalized vectors (with length 1) in black, otherwise red. 

The following are standard vectors: 
  DX DY DZ 
  according to standard axis directions; 
  DIX DIY DIZ 
  correspond to the inverse standard axis directions 

Definition of a vector by: 
  - select a line or a circle (normal vector) 
    or a plane (normal vector) or by 2 points 
  - Selection of a vector by Page Up/Page Down (picture) keys 
  - enter a standard vector (with the keyboard:) 
    DX or DY or DZ or inverse to DIX DIY DIZ 
  - entering a vector (with the keyboard): 
  defined by entering a vector, for example, "D12" 
  by the X / Y / Z-components, "0,0,1" defines a Z-vector 
  by one or two angles (rotateangle, tiltangle)


The last parameter may be "REV" (vector is shown reverse). 

As the penultimate parameter the vector length can be specified. 
  Example: "DX 2" or "DX 2 REV"


<U>For example:</U> 
# vector 1 = direction negative X-axis 
D1 = DIX 
# 2 = vector in direction x = 1, y = 1 in the XY plane 
D2 = D(1 1 0)


<p><a name="D_Copy"></a></p>
<B>vector from copyfunction</B> 

These formats are generated from selection functions: 
# vector of line: 
D (L{number}) 

# vector of polygon segment 
# or vector of line in a CCV: 
D ((obj) MOD ((segment number))) 

# vector of line in a vector CCV 
# or polygon segment in a CCV: 
P ((obj) MOD({CCV-segment number}) MOD({segment-number})) 
<U>Example:</U> # vector from 1.segment the CCV S26 (one line): 
P (S26 MOD(1))

 
<B>Standard formats</B> 

  defined by vector direction and length. 
  D = D(dx, dy [, dz]) [length] [ "REV"] 
D1 = DX 100 
D2 = D (10 0) 
D3 = D (0.7 0 0.7) 100 

D3 = ANG(30) 100 
  definition 2D by 2D-vector angle and vector length (optional). 
  The angle defines the direction in the XY plane. 

D4 = ANG(90) ANG(30) 100 
  Definition vector by rotation-angle, tilt-angle and vector length (optional). 
  First rotate around Z-axis, then around the new Y-axis.
  ANG(0) ANG(0)      - gives Vector 1,0,0
  ANG(90) ANG(0)     - gives Vector 0,1,0
  ANG(90) ANG(30)    - gives Vector 0,0.9,0.5
  ANG(180) ANG(30)   - gives Vector -0.9,0,0.5

D5 = P1 P2
D5 = P1 P2 100
D5 is a vector route from P1 to P2. Length optional


D6 = L10 100 
  Vector in the direction of the line. Length is optional. 
Main/sub-axis of Circ, ellipse, Plane through Modifier: 
  1 = Z-axis, 
  2 = X-axis (ellipse: major axis), 
  3 = Y-axis (ellipse: In addition to axis), 
  4 = inverse X-axis 
  5 = inverse Y-axis 
Example: 
D20 = C20 MOD(2) 
  provides the X-axis of the C20 
Normal vectors: 
D = Circle 
D = Plane 
D = Point Point Point 
D = Line Line 
D = Line Point 
D = Vector Line 
D = Vector Point Point 
  (All in addition to length and "REV" is possible). 

Examples: 
D7 = C10 100 
# vector in the direction of the Z-axis circle of C10, length 100 
D7 = R10 REV
# vector in the opposite direction of the Z-axis level of R10. 











____________________________________________________________________________
<p><a name="C"></a></p>
<h2>Circle / Arc</h2>
Identification key for circle/arc is C
____________________________________________________________________________

see also <A HREF="CAD_CI_en.htm">CAD functions circle / arc (Circle / Arc)</A> 




Definition of a circle by defining an arc by: 

- C (Start Point Endpoint centre [Z-axis] [Rotation direction]) 
- C (endpoint center [Z-axis] [Rotation direction]) 
  Points here with index "P20" or "xCoord yCoord [Z (zCoord]" 
For example: | C (25 0 0 25 0 0) 
If the starting point, then the endpoint is the last P(), L() or C() - the definition used. 
- Selection of a circle, 
  the name, eg "C20" 
- selection of a circle in a Contour (CCV): 
  C (S{ccv} MOD({ccvSegNumber})) 


Deviation:
  The deviation for the presentation of the circles can be set directly in Standards/Tolerances with tolerances for the representation – Polygon."
  Furthermore, by changing the Model size (MODSIZ) the deviation is set. 

Parameter direction of rotation: 
<B>CW</B> (clockwise) or 
<B>CCW</B> (counter-clockwise) 
The specification of CCW is not required (default). 

The turning point is valid if the spin axis of the eye of the beholder shows. 
# Circle copy 
C2 = C1 


<B>Standard formats:</B> 
# concentrically. circles. Negative radius difference shrinks the circle. 
C2 = C1 (radius differential) 
# center point, point at the periphery [Z-axis vector] 
C3 = P1 P2 
C3 = P1 P2 D(1 0 1) 
# center, tangential to Line/Circ 
C1 = P1 L1 
C1 = P1 C1 
# Tangential to 2 elements, radius. 
# C1 = P1, L1, Radius, page 
# C2 = P1, C1, Radius, page 
# C5 = L1, L2, Radius, page 
# C5 = L1, C1, radius, Page 
# C5 = C1, C2, Radius, page 
L1 = X (10) 
L2 = Y (10) 
C1 = L1 L2 VAL(5) MOD(1) 

# 2 points on the scale radius. page on which the center is located. 
# C1 = P1 P2 radius side Z-axis vector 
P20 = P(98.6 5.4 0) 
P21 = P(114.5 -15.2 0) 
C22 = P20 P21 VAL(12) MOD(1) DR 

# point at the periphery, tangent, radius . 
#C1 = P1 L1 radius side 
L20 = P(44.6 -32.8 0) P(86.5 -69.3 0) 
P26 = P(56.2 -35.5 0) 
C21 = P26 L20 VAL(8) MOD(2) 

# point at the periphery, tangential to a circle. 
# C2 = P1 C1 radius page 
C20 = P (114.5 -15.2 0) VAL (12) DR 
P27 = P (96.9 -19.7 0) 
C21 = P27 C20 VAL (8) MOD (1) 

# Circle through three edge points 
C20 = P (0 0) P (10 0) P (10 10) 


<B>Arc (limited circles):</B> 

  Start center point of rotation angle Z-axis vector 
C21 = ARC P20 P21 ANG(90) DZ 

  Circ ARC starting point endpoint center [Z] [Rotation direction] 
  Arc from start point endpoint center (center axis of rotation direction) 
  Rotation direction: CW (clockwise) or CCW (counter-clockwise, default). 
  The turning point is valid if the spin axis of the eye of the beholder shows. 
C20 = ARC P1 P2 P3 
C31 = ARC P(10,0,10) P(0,10,10) P(0,0,10) = 
C32 = ARC P(10,0,0) P(0,0,10) P( 0,0,0) D(0,1,0) CW 
  Circ ARC start point, end point, radius, Z-axis 
  Arc from start point endpoint radius center axis
  Radius: positive for clockwise, negative for counter-clockwise. 
C21 ARC = P(251 23 0) P(189 75 0) VAL(50) DZ
  
  Double arc through the starting point, starting direction, and radius. off direction: the tangent to the circle in the Start point. A vector. 
  Angle: start angle, optional, default is 360 degrees. 
  Axis vector optional. 
  [CW / CCW] is the direction of rotation; optional ( "CW").
Example: End tangents of a Clothoid as the start direction. 
S20 = CLOT P(0 0 0) DX ANG(30) 0 10 
P20 = P(S20 1) 
D20 = TNG P20 S20 
C20 = ARC P20 D20 25 ANG(30) 


  Arc through three points on the edge 
C20 = ARC1 P (0 0) P (10 0) P (10 10) 


<B>Implicit Definition of circles/arcs:</B> 

C ((starting point) (end) (center) [Z] [Direction]) 
C ((end) (center) [Z] [Direction]) 
here only points with index "P20" or "xCoord yCoord [Z (zCoord] "
Example: C(25 0 0 25 0 0)   



<B>Circle from copyfunction</B> 
These formats are generated when selecting features 
Circle from CCV: 
C(S{ccv} MOD({ccvSegNumber}))
 




____________________________________________________________________________
<p><a name="S"></a></p>
<h2>Splines/Curves</h2>
Identification letter for curves is S (spline).
____________________________________________________________________________

see also <A HREF="CAD_CV_en.htm">CAD functions for curves</A> 



Polygon 
ellipse 
Clothoide 
free-form curve (B-Spline) 
contour (compound curve) 
polynomial curve (currently only import programs or MANual) 

<B>Standard sizes ellipse:</B> 
  ellipse from center, endpoint main axis, endpoint Besides axis: 
S1 = ELL P (100 0) P (150 0) P (100 20) 
ellipse from center, the main vector, vector addition axis: 
S1 = ELL P(100 0) D(10 0) D(0 5)
 (the vectors defining the direction and length of main and secondary axes) 

 Limited ellipse from center, main axis vector, secondary axis vector, starting point and end point: 
S1 ELL = P(0 0) D(10 0) D(0 5) P(10 0) P(-10 0) 

 projection of an ellipse from circle on plane: 
S20 = R20 ELL C20 

<B>Standard formats polygon:</B> 
 Parallelogram from one point and 2 vectors: 
 S = REC pt1 vec1 vec2 
 (vectors: the direction and length!) 
S20 = REC P(100 0 0) D(50 0 0) D(0 12 0)  

 Polygon of points: 
 S# = POL, point1, point2 &lt;POINT3, .. pointn&gt; 
P20=P(10,10) 
P21=P(20,20,15) 
P22=P(25,20) 
S24=POL P20 P21 P22 P(30,12,0) P(30,10,10) P(40,30,10) 

 Polygon projected onto plane
 S#=POL Polygon Refsys 
S20=POL P(30,0) P(30,10,10) P(40,30,20) 
S21=POL S20 R0 

 3D-Polygon from B-Spline: 
 S#=POL,B-Spline,Tolerance 

<B>Standard formats Clothoids:</B> 
 Create a clothoid curve (by a planar spiral through Fresnel integrals). 
 Start Point       Start Point 
 Start Vector      Start direction (or vector angle) 
 Angle             Difference Angle off direction-toward the end point is positive, clockwise (CW); 
                    negative: counterclockwise (CCW). 
 Start radius      Radius at the start point, or 0 for infinite radius 
 EndRadius         Radius at the end point or 0 to infinity 
 [Z-Axis]          Normal vector; optional. 

S20 = CLOT P(0 0 0) ANG( 0) ANG(30) 0 10 

Example Model: see sample_cloth1.gcad 

To export a clothoid curve: 
 DXF: Output as POLYLINE. 
 Iges: output entity 106 (CopiousData, form 12 = 3D polygon). 


<B>Standard formats B-spline:</B> 

 B-spline from control points/node vector: 
 S-bsp=BSP, ptNr, degree, control points, node vector, startup parameters, end parameter 
  ptNr = number of control points, 
  control points: the control points, number = ptNr, 3 values (X/Y/Z). 
  node vector: the distance parameter, number = ptNr + degree + 1  
S20 GNP, 6.3, -178,109,0, -166,128,0, -144,109,0, -109,112,0, -106,134,0, -119.138, 0,0,0 , 0,0,0.333333,0.666667,1,1,1,1,0,1 

 B-Spline from points: 
 S-bsp = BSP{points} [, degree] [, CTRL] 
 CTRL: whether the defined points are transit points or control points. 
P20 = P (78.9) 
P21 = P (66.28) 
P22 = P (44,9,25) 
P23 = P (9.12) 
P24 = P (6.34) 
# B-spline from Points 
S20 + BSP, P20, P21, P22, P23, P24 

 B-spline from polygon: 
 S-bsp = BSP {polygon} [, degree] [, CTRL] 
 CTRL: whether the defined points are transit points or control points. 
P20 = P (78.9) 
P21 = P (66.28) 
P22 = P (44,9,25) 
P23 = P (9.12) 
P24 = P (6.34) 
# B-spline from points 
S20 = GNP, P20 , P21, P22, P23, P24 
# Polygon from Points: 
DRAW OFF 
S21 = POL, P20, P21, P22, P23, P24 
# BSpline from Polygon 
DRAW ON 
S22=BSP, S21

 B-Spline = isoparametric curve from a surface 
 Currently from B-Spline surface only, entry point instead of parameter value has not yet been implemented 
 S-bsp = ISO {B-Spline surface} {parameter value} [{direction}] 
  (Modifier CX = across; Default = along) 
# cross-section curve in the middle of the Surface A20: 
S20 = ISO A20 0.5 CX


<B>Standard format contour (compound curve):</B> 

Contour ("concatenated Curve"-CCV), 
The contour begins and ends at a point. 
Elements: points, lines, circles, curves. 
Following circles and curves, the direction of rotation (CW or CCW) can be defined. 
It will automatically be formed normal to lines and arcs. 

Format: 
S# = CCV {contour elements} 

Example: 
C20 = P(39.26) VAL( 22) 
S20 = CCV P (7.25) C20 CW P (35.58)  


<B>Standard format polynomial curve:</B> 

 Polynomial curve from evaluating a polynomial: 
 S# = PSP3, arc1{, arc2, .. arcn} 
 Polynomial curve with 1-n arcs. 
 An arc comprises 13 numbers, the distance value and the evaluated polynomial 
 xa, ya, za, xb, yb, zb, xc, yc, zc and xd, yd, zd. 
 xa, ya, za defines a passage point. 
S20=PSP3,0,3.84815,0.967105,0,0.577021,0.207039,0,0,0,0,-0.169071,0.140166,0, 1,4.2561,1.31431,0,0.069808,0.627537,0,-0.507212,0.420498,0,0.341924, -0.327596,0,2,4.16062,2.03475,0,0.081155,0.485747,0,0.518559,-0.562288,0, -0.183075,0.224101,0,3,4.57726,2.18231,0,0.56905,0.033474,0,-0.030664, 0.110016,0,-0.060996,-0.13481,0,4,5.05465,2.19099,0,0.324734,-0.150924,0, -0.213651,-0.294414,0,0.071217,0.098138,0,5,5.23695,1.84379,0,0.111083, -0.445338,0,0,0,0,0.427303,0.588828,0 




____________________________________________________________________________
<p><a name="B"></a></p>
<h2>Solids (Bodies)</h2>
Identification letter for Solids is B (Body).
____________________________________________________________________________

see also <a href="CAD_SOL_en.htm">CAD-Functions for Solids (Bodies)</a>



Cone 
Torus
Sphere
Prism

____________________________________________________________________________
<b>Sphere: </b>

# Sphere from the radius center: 
B1 = SPH P(0 0 0) 12 

# Sphere from circle: 
C1 = P(0 0 0) 12 
B2 = SPH C1 







<b>Cone-shaped body: </b>

   B2 = CON Midpoint_1 Midpoint_2 Radius_1 Radius_2 
B20 = CON P(0 0 0) P(100 0 0) VAL(60) VAL(40) 

   B3 = CON circle_1 circle_2
C20 = P(0 0 0) VAL(100) DX 
C21 = P(100 0 0) VAL(40) DX 
B20 = CON C20 C21 

   B1 = CON base_circle point_cone_top





<b>Torus / circular ring: </b>

  B# = TOR centrPt axis Radius_major Radius_minor

  B# = TOR L C    // axis outer_circle 
  B# = TOR C C    // main_circle, outer_circle 
  B# = TOR R C    // mani_radius,  outer_circle 
   
  
  The axis of the circle of skin is the main axis. 
  The minor circle axis is always normal to the main axis. 
  Radius_major circle is entirely on the outside, and is always positive. 
  Modifier_outer_Inner: required for selection of a variant 
   where the Radius_major circle is smaller than the Radius_minor circle. 

B20=TOR P(0 0 0) DZ VAL(100) VAL(25)
C20=P(100 0 0) VAL(25) DY
B20=TOR P(0 0 0) DZ C20




<b>Prism: </b>

  B = PRISM plane_Base_surface Vector/Point/thickness 
  
  plane_Base surface: Closed Polygon/Circle/Ellipse 
  The opposite surface may be a point or defined by a vector 
  or by the thickness (for example wall thickness). 

# Prism from Parallelogram and vector 
S20=REC P(100 0 0) D(50 0 0) D(0 12 0)
B20=PRISM S20 D(0 0 10)

# Prism from circle with thickness (cylinder height) 
C20=P(289 -20.8 0) VAL(125) DZ
B20=PRISM C20 25

# Conic prism from polygon 
20=P(768 -457 0)
S20=POL P20 P(930 -474 0) P(1029 -251 0) P(971 -246 0) P(891 -412 0) P(801 -407 0) P20
B21=PRISM S20  P(900 -500 200)






____________________________________________________________________________
<p><a name="N"></a></p>
<h2>Notes / Dimensions</h2>
Identification letter for Notes/Dimensions is N. 
____________________________________________________________________________

see also <a href="CAD_TxtG_en.htm">CAD-Functions for Notes / Dimensions</a>



   The font size for text and dimensioning is defined by 
DEFTX {Textsize} {DimTextSiz} {text general scale} {number decimal places} 
   or interactively in Standards/Text. 
   Default values in the file {base}/xa/gCAD3D.rc. 

TODO: 
TEXTS AND DIMENSIONS ARE NOT EXPORTED TO IGS or DXF. 
For interactive modification of the parameters Marrow, Mline
  and additional text a user interface is to be created.








____________________________________________________________________________
<p><a name="M"></a></p>
<h2>Model</h2>
Identification letter for Models is M.
____________________________________________________________________________

see also <a href="CAD_Model_en.htm">CAD-Functions for Models</a>


A model (a Assembly) can consist of several Models (Sub-models)</P>




____________________________________________________________________________
<p><a name="T"></a></p>
<h2>Transformations</h2>
Identification letter for Transformations is T.
____________________________________________________________________________

see also <a href="CAD_Tra_en.htm">CAD-Functions for Definition of Transformations</a>
see also <a href="CAD_Modify_de.htm#F2">CAD-functions for modifying geometry</a>





____________________________________________________________________________ 
<p><a name="CWCCW"></a></p>
<B>Rotation </B>
 CW      (clockwise) or 
 CCW     (counter-clockwise) 
 The specification of CCW is not required (default). 
 The rotation results in plan view of the axis of rotation 
 as seen by the eye of the beholder. 


<p><a name="ANGR"></a></p>
<B>Rotation angle (Rotate) </B>
 The rotation is around the Z-axis of the active construction plane. 
 Input directly: Angle 
 Enter indirectly: ANG(angle) 
 Output format: ANG(angle ()), for example: 
 ANG(30) - rotation by 30 degrees 
 # Angle value 
 ANG (angle value [REV]) 
 # Direction vector 
 ANG (D [ANG () / REV]) 
 # Line (direction) 
 ANG (L [ANG () / REV]) 
 # 2 Points (direction) 
 ANG (P P [ANG () / REV]) 
In CAD mode, the PgUp / PgDown button can add together one additional (relative) 
 angle value of about +90 degrees. (There must have been a prior 
 selection to indicate direction (eg select a line)). 



<p><a name="ANGT"></a></p>
<B>Tilt angle</B>
The rotation (tilting) is done to the new Y-axis created by a rotation of the Z-axis. 
 A tilt angle of 90 degrees provides the Z-axis (independent from the angle of rotation). 
 
Output format: ANG({angle}), for example: 
 ANG(30) - rotation by 30 degrees 
Example of rotate and tilt: 
 ANG(90) ANG(30) 
 There the object is rotated 90 degrees around the Z axis; 
 The horizontal axis now corresponds to the old X-axis, tilt axis at this 
 tilt is now around 30 degrees. 
 A negative tilt angle rotates in the opposite direction. 


<p><a name="MOD1"></a></p>
<B>Page 1 / 2</B> 
 Page: with PageUp / Down button; 
 1, 2 lateral right / left; 
 Output Format: MOD (1) or MOD (2) 


<p><a name="TSZ"></a></p>
<B>Additional text with special characters</B> 
A special character is generated by a sequence of 2 characters. 
 [d         diameter sign 
 [g         degree sign (angle) 
 [+         + - Signs 
 ['         double quote (")
 [/         Superscript 
 [\         Subscript 
 [n         new line (return, CR) 
 [%         Is replaced by the standard text. If the text does not include [%, 
        the default text provided throughout is inserted. 
 [-         no standard text. 
 [[         a square bracket "[" 
 [0 to [9   only N=DIM3 and N=LDRP: Number of decimal places of the dimensions
         (must be at the beginning of the text block) 
 [V20]      to expand a numeric variable (V20 in the example) 
Example: 
“[+ 0.2 " 


<p><a name="NMP"></a></p>
<B>Dimension arrows </B>
are defined by specifying a number with 2 digits; 
one digit for each of the two dimension arrows; 
No indication or -1: create both arrows automatically.

 0        no dimension arrow; 
 1   &lt;    left arrow 
 2   &gt;    right arrow
 3   /    slash
 4   &gt; &lt;  arrow right and arrow left

Example:
"12"   left arrow  and right arrow



<p><a name="NMH"></a></p>
<B>Extension lines</B> 
are defined by specifying a number with 2 digits; 
one digit for each of the two extension lines; 
 0 = no guide, 
 1 = line 
Default is 11 (two lines) 


<p><a name="iCol"></a></p>
<B>Color </B>
 0 = black 
 1 = DefCol 
 2 = red 
 3 = green 
 4 = blue 
 5 = yellow 
 6 = purple 
 7 = blue 
 8 = white 


<p><a name="symFnam"></a></p>
<B>Symbolic file names:</B> 
A symbolic file name consists of 
"{path}/{filename}" 
All symbolic pathe are defined in file {base}xa/dir.lst. 
The icon can be freely chosen. 
Interactively define the path using the "Standards/Directories". 
Default directory is {base}/dat; the identifier for this 
 directory is "Data". 
 
Example of symbolic file name: 
"Data/Niet1.dat" 





____________________________________________________________________________ 
<p><a name="U"></a></p>
<B>Group </B>
Identification key for group is U. 
____________________________________________________________________________ 
Select the objects in the group - the objects will be highlighted. 
Remove from the group by selecting again. 
Go to the next field with the Tab key. 
Example: 
# Group 2 surfaces 
U (A20 A21) 




____________________________________________________________________________ 
In the CAD input fields numerical values can be used (eg, for radius only) as well as variables, 
PI, the basic arithmetic and mathematics. Functions are also used (but not the functions X, Y, Z and L, C).





____________________________________________________________________________
<p><a name="fmt_attri"></a></p>
<h2>Attributes:</h2>

<B>Hide / View</B>
# Hide object B20
SHOW B20 OFF
# redisplay
SHOW B20



<B>modify Linetypes</B>

# apply linentype 8 to objects L21 und L22
ATTL 8 L21 L22
# Siehe <a href="Settings_en.htm#Linetypes">Defaultsettings</a>


<B>modify surface attributes (color, display)</B>

# set surface A21 symbolic (not shaded)
ATTS "S" A21

# set transparent  (T0=reset, T1=half transparent, T2=full transparent)
ATTS "T2" A21

# set color green (red-share-0, green-share-255, blue-share-0)
ATTS "C00ff00" A21

# reset previous color (default-colour)
ATTS "C" A21



____________________________________________________________________________
<p><a name="fmt_setti"></a></p>
<h2>Settings:</h2>

# menu off
MODE MEN OFF

# browser off
MODE BRW OFF

# upper toolbar off
MODE BAR1 OFF

# messagewindow off
MODE BAR2 OFF

# restore messagewindow
MODE BAR2 ON

# Display planes off
MODE DISP_PL OFF

# Display points off
MODE DISP_PT OFF



</PRE>
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